First known as Persia. (Daniel 10:20) does speak of The prince of Persia. The Elamite civilization in Iran, first developed in the Susian plain, under the influence of nearby Sumeria and Mesopotamia** in the Tigris-Euphrates valley. The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan, and literally means "Land of the Aryans".[11][12][13] *Wikipedia The beginnings of Jewish history in Iran date back to late biblical times. The biblical books of Isaiah, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles, and Esther contain references to the life and experiences of Jews in Persia. In the book of Ezra, the Persian kings are credited with permitting and enabling the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild their Temple.*Wikipedia
At its height the Persian Empire stretched from Greece and Libya in the west to the Indus River in present-day Pakistan in the east. Each year, at Noe-Rooz (the national festival of the vernal equinox) representatives from these nations under their rule brought tribute to the king. The Persian kings used Persepolis primarily as a residence and for ceremonies.
The Assyrian Empire fought for control of the region, at times succeeding with great force. By 900 B.C. Assyria was restoring its control over Babylonia. By 700 B.C. the Assyrian Empire included the entire Tigris-Euphrates region, and all the Eastern Shore of the Mediterranean. It was the most powerful empire the world had seen.
In 539 B.C., the Persian sovereign assembled the bulk of his army down to Babylon, where he attacked Nabonidus. The city which had been capital of Mesopotamia for a thousand years offered little resistance, and welcomed Cyrus as a liberator.
The Aryan peoples coming into Iran during the second millennium B.C. paved that way for the Achaemenian dynasty. There achievements were shown in the great palaces of Persepolis (one of the ancient capitals of Persia. Construction of Persepolis began between 518 and 516 BC ). Persepolis had many grand monuments but were destroyed in just one night by Alexander.This began the Hellenistic period.
Darius extended the empire; in the east, around 512 B.C., he conquered Gandhara and the Indus Valley, while in the west, he attacked the Scythians, whom he never managed to subdue, and then turned against Greece.
Susa was the most important administrative centre in Darius' Empire, its geographical location halfway between Babylon and Pasargadae was very favourable. The palace structure built at Susa was based on a Babylonian principle, with three large interior courts, around which were reception and living rooms. In the palace courtyard panels of polychrome glazed bricks decorated the walls. These included a pair of winged human-headed lions beneath a winged disk, and the so-called "Immortals". The craftsmen who made and arranged these bricks came from Babylon, where there was a tradition for this sort of architectural decoration.
Was known as Persia until 1935, Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown . Iranian-US relations have been strained since a group of Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran on 4 November 1979 and held it until 20 January 1981. During 1980-88, Iran fought a bloody, indecisive war with Iraq that eventually expanded into the Persian Gulf and led to clashes between US Navy and Iranian military forces between 1987 and 1988.
Country name: | Long: Islamic Republic of Iran
former: Persia
local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran
| Government type: | theocratic republic theocracy (theocratic), government by a god, community ruled by a god
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For further clarification: Islamic republic is the name given to several states in the Muslim world including the Islamic Republic of Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Mauritania. Pakistan adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Islamic Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi monarchy. Afghanistan after the 2001 overthrow of the Taliban. Despite the similar name the countries differ greatly in their governments and laws Islamic republic has come to mean several different things, some contradictory to others. Theoretically, to many religious leaders, it is a state under a particular theocratic form of government advocated by some Muslim religious leaders in the Middle East and Africa. It is seen as a compromise between a purely Islamic Caliphate, and secular nationalism and republicanism. In their conception of the Islamic republic, the penal code of the state are required to be compatible with some laws of Sharia, and not a monarchy as many Middle Eastern states are presently. In other cases, it is merely a symbol of cultural identity, as was the case when Pakistan adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. In fact many argue that an Islamic Republic strikes a middle path between a completely secular and a theocratic (and/or Orthodox Islamic) system of government.*From Wilipedia Religions: | Shi'a Muslim 89%, Sunni Muslim 9%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i 2% |
Muslim 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i) 2%
Judaism is one of the oldest religions practiced in Iran and dates back to the late biblical times. The biblical books of Isaiah, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles, and Esther contain references to the life and experiences of Jews in Persia. Today, the largest groups of Jews from Persia are found in Israel, which in 1993 was home to 75,000 people, including second-generation Israelis.[1] and the United States. According to The world Jewish Library, about 10,000 Jews remain in Iran. *Wikipedia
Area: Slightly larger than Alaska
Population: 65,397,521
Location: Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan ( location, vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport )
Nationality: | noun: Iranian(s)
adjective: Iranian |
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur **Mesopotamia See my blog Iraq, Babylonia, and Mesopotamia, here: Some research included Wikipedia and Worldfacts, |
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